Interaksi antar Aktor dalam Penyelenggaraan Asian Games 2018: Bentuk Wisata Olahraga Berkelanjutan melalui Kerja Sama Multipihak
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis kerja sama multipihak yang terjadi selama penyelenggaraan wisata acara olahraga Asian Games 2018 di Indonesia, sebagai bagian dari implementasi pariwisata berkelanjutan. Studi ini menggunakan kerangka kerja sama transaksional yang dikembangkan oleh Visseren-Hamakers et. al. (2007), yang menekankan pentingnya memahami interaksi dinamis antara aktor pemerintah, swasta, dan masyarakat dalam mencapai tujuan, terutama dalam konteks pembangunan berkelanjutan. Data yang digunakan berasal dari wawancara dengan para pemangku kepentingan terkait dan analisis studi dokumen relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan utama dalam kerja sama multipihak adalah ketimpangan dan hierarki dalam interaksi antara aktor internasional dan nasional. Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) memiliki peran dominan dan sumber daya yang lebih kuat, namun tidak mengutamakan aspek pariwisata berkelanjutan dalam penyelenggaraan Asian Games 2018. Kelompok bisnis lebih fokus pada keuntungan daripada pembangunan berkelanjutan. Peran LSM dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait Asian Games terbatas, dan implikasi penelitian ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya keterlibatan yang lebih setara antara aktor internasional dan nasional serta penguatan peran LSM dalam mendorong implementasi pariwisata berkelanjutan dalam acara olahraga tersebut.
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