Regression Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of West African Dwarf Goats (Capra Hircus) In Derived Savanna Zone of Nigeria
Abstrak
Sebanyak tiga ratus sembilan puluh sembilan (399) ekor kambing kerdil Afrika Barat (West African Dwarf – WAD) dari Wilayah Pemerintah Lokal Ejigbo, Negara Bagian Osun, serta daerah sekitarnya di Zona Sabana Sekunder Nigeria, dievaluasi berdasarkan ukuran tubuh dan bobot hidup. Analisis dilakukan terhadap data dari 194 ekor pejantan dan 205 ekor betina. Kambing-kambing ini dikategorikan ke dalam enam kelompok umur (gigi susu, dua gigi, empat gigi, enam gigi, delapan gigi, dan gigi aus) serta dicatat berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi fenotipe kambing WAD serta mengidentifikasi model terbaik untuk memprediksi bobot hidup berdasarkan ukuran tubuh di lokasi penelitian, yaitu zona sabana sekunder Nigeria. Pada kedua jenis kelamin, nilai pengukuran tubuh meningkat secara signifikan (P < 0,05) seiring bertambahnya usia. Pada pejantan, bobot tubuh rata-rata berkisar antara 5,32 ±0,15 kg hingga 29,63 ±1,88 kg, sedangkan pada betina, bobot tubuh berkisar antara 5,75 ±0,13 kg hingga 30,29 ±1,22 kg. Variasi bobot tubuh dan parameter fisik lainnya terdapat perbedaan antara pejantan dan betina.Persamaan regresi linear yang digunakan untuk karakteristik kuantitatif, seperti lingkar dada, panjang tubuh, tinggi pinggul, tinggi kaki depan, dan tinggi gumba, menunjukkan bahwa koefisien regresi bersifat positif dan signifikan (P < 0,05). Selain itu, pada semua kelompok umur, regresi berganda secara signifikan meningkatkan koefisien determinasi (R²) (P < 0,05).Secara keseluruhan, bobot tubuh dan pengukuran tubuh linear merupakan karakteristik yang sangat penting dalam sumber daya genetik hewan, terutama pada ruminansia kecil seperti kambing. Pengukuran ini dapat digunakan sebagai metode seleksi yang akurat untuk menentukan bobot hewan di lokasi terpencil yang tidak memiliki timbangan.
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